Briefly, this error occurs when Elasticsearch is unable to retrieve nodes from an external cluster, possibly due to network issues, incorrect configuration, or version incompatibility. To resolve this, ensure that the network connection between the clusters is stable and secure. Check the configuration settings for any errors, particularly those related to the external cluster. Lastly, verify that the versions of Elasticsearch in both clusters are compatible. If not, consider upgrading or downgrading to a compatible version.
This guide will help you check for common problems that cause the log ” Fetching nodes from external cluster {} failed ” to appear. To understand the issues related to this log, read the explanation below about the following Elasticsearch concepts: cluster and node.
Overview
To put it simply, a node is a single server that is part of a cluster. Each node is assigned one or more roles, which describe the node’s responsibility and operations. Data nodes store the data, and participate in the cluster’s indexing and search capabilities, while master nodes are responsible for managing the cluster’s activities and storing the cluster state, including the metadata.
While it is possible to run several node instances of Elasticsearch on the same hardware, it’s considered a best practice to limit a server to a single running instance of Elasticsearch.
Nodes connect to each other and form a cluster by using a discovery method.
Roles
Master node
Master nodes are in charge of cluster-wide settings and changes – deleting or creating indices and fields, adding or removing nodes and allocating shards to nodes. Each cluster has a single master node that is elected from the master eligible nodes using a distributed consensus algorithm and is reelected if the current master node fails.
Coordinating (client) node
There is some confusion in the use of coordinating node terminology. Client nodes were removed from Elasticsearch after version 2.4 and became coordinating nodes.
Coordinating nodes are nodes that do not hold any configured role. They don’t hold data and are not part of the master eligible group nor execute ingest pipelines. Coordinating nodes serve incoming search requests and act as the query coordinator running query and fetch phases, sending requests to every node that holds a shard being queried. The coordinating node also distributes bulk indexing operations and route queries to shards based on the node’s responsiveness.
Log Context
Log “Fetching nodes from external cluster {} failed” classname is RemoteClusterConnection.java.
We extracted the following from Elasticsearch source code for those seeking an in-depth context :
}
listener.onResponse(null);
} catch (CancellableThreads.ExecutionCancelledException ex) {
listener.onFailure(ex); // we got canceled - fail the listener and step out
} catch (Exception ex) {
logger.warn(() -> new ParameterizedMessage("fetching nodes from external cluster {} failed"; clusterAlias); ex);
collectRemoteNodes(seedNodes; transportService; connectionManager; listener);
}
}
Override
